There are a good dozen or so different communication protocols, including different frequencies and different hardware. Taking a sensor off a GM and putting it on a Ford, stuff like that, it will never talk. There can be issues with trucks as many of the TPMS for cars simply lack the hardware inside of them to be able to read the higher pressures that the truck tires run. So pulling a sensor out of a Mustang and plopping it into an F250 probably isn't going to work either.
With that said, there is a lot of standardization. But far from one size fits all. I have tried to cross brand lines a few times, NEVER worked.
Most TPMS systems look to the signature from the wheels senders. Just putting another sender on a wheel and the vehicle never programmed to read that sender, will never be read. You need the vehicle programmed to read the sensor.
At one time there were programable sensors. Took a special tool. Sensors were one time only programable. They were marketed toward the summer/winter tire market. You could change the tires and not visit a dealer to reprogram. That was in the early days of TPMS. Today just about every tire show does the programming. The aftermarket tools are so much better than the old ones.