The 3M panel bond is a great solution to attaching it without damaging your new paint. But you need the special $$$ 3M gun, and the cartridge is kind of expensive (about $40) since your going to waste most of the tube after it's been opened and you use just a small amount.
I have used urethane (yes it's paintable) seam sealer to glue my extra roof rafters into my roof. It has held up very well without any signs of pulling loose. TremPro 635 is about $7 per tube and you can use just a normal caulking gun. to apply. TremPro is mostly used in the RV industry.
Pushing the rafter up and holding it tight against the roof for several days is the challenge. The urethane does not harden as fast as the panel bond, so you will need a way to hold it tight for a extended period. Irwin sells 24" bar clamps. They have the ability to remove the stationary end and reverse it. This allows the normal "clamping action" to become a 24" long "pushing action" clamp. With the roof bolted to the Bronco, I just used these clamps adjusted to the "push mode" and a couple of 6" by 6" blocks on the floor, and was able to get a fine adjustment on pushing the rafters up into the roof after the glue was applied. Let it set for a few days in the warm sun and it's not going anywhere.
John