Great idea! Might not be practical for a stock heater setup. As you
@DirtDonk suggest, the stock flow is limited already. However, thousands of upgrades have been done and will be done going forward. Increasing the airflow through more powerful motors/squirrel cages along with increasing the size of the airflow input would provide enough increased flow to adapt an in-line air filter. It could be part of an overall "Heater Upgrade" kit (motor, cage, intake tube, filter box). It would be best to have it be a plastic box (2"x7"x7") that is mounted vertically right at the kick panel where the air first enters the truck heater tube. Just replace the existing round tube female adapter mounted to the kick panel with a filter box that mounts to the kick panel and has the female tube portion on the outside of it towards the heater box (hope you can picture what I am saying). The front of the filter box could be just like the ones you see inside the back of glove boxes in modern cars. Pop off a lid, slide filter in and out.
For those who have not increased the intake tube size, here is what I did along with the upgraded motor and cage:
I used the stock heater plate and enlarged the hole then adapted a 6" plastic tube for larger air inlet hose.
I did the same thing at the kick panel.
As you can see, the air inlet is much larger.
Used a simple heavy duty 6" dryer tube for the new air inlet. It is very durable, made out of steel coils, l;ined inside by aluminum and outside with plastic vinyl.
Final heater installed. Tons of air at both the feet and at defrost (upgraded fan, cage, and rebuilt heater box).
Because the new heater tube is very compressed after installed (it will expand to 6 feet) it is almost like a sold tube. It is very solid and feet that accidently hit it will not compress it at all. BTW, no noticeable decrease in feet room. It is not anything someone would notice unless it was pointed out. Still tucks nicely up under dash area.