Lead will contiminate the O2 sensor. but it isn't a little will kill it, it take a bit over time to do it. A tank here or there won't do it. Several tanks will. And it will loose accuracy, not just die all together.
As for teh cats, the lead blockst the catalist reaction. At that point they don't do anything.
Now are you sure that the pump is actually pumping out leaded fuel? I have noticed that a lot of the race gas is now unleaded. If it has lead in it there is a distenct sweet smell to it. Even the 100LL Av gas will vary its lead content. I have had some tanks that were really leaded and others that had little to it. I wish I could find that source of 80 octane mogas locally again. That stuff was nice and volitile. Wakes up old low compression engines, like the one in my boat.