I've done the opposite. It was a pair of custom half shafts. Inner CVs for a differential that didn't belong with the outer CVs. Dutchman axle made them up no issue. But I don't know there capacity to broach splines.
I suspect that having 2 pieces welded together is probably what you are going to have to do.
I understand the 28 spline, Bronco transmission output shaft. But what is the 23 spline male that it is trying to mate to?
Another option if you can find it might be U-joint yokes. If you can find them with the splines you want and put a U-joint in the middle.
You might have shaft support issues as well. The end of the output shaft on the transmission is usually supported, in 2WD the slip yoke has a bushing, in 4WD it is the transfer case input bearing. With a double splined shaft floating on the shafts there might be a support issue.