What's that mish-mash up near the top and hose? Is there a bleeder screw under there that has something stuffed into it?
Also, just what is it that you're trying to improve? Your brakes look old and unattended (as well as does the rest of the Bronco around them) so the calipers may not have been serviced and the sliding surfaces lubed in an unknown amount of time.
As well, the pad's friction material may be sub-par, or already worn thin. Both of which can reduce a brake system's overall effectiveness.
Maybe better pad material and new calipers were why you were looking for information in the first place, so that should at least get you started. They appear to be the calipers from a '76-'79 Bronco/F150 setup, but others may have used similar ones too. Likely they all take the same pads though, so you could simply ask for brake parts for a '76 Bronco and get what you need.
The T-bird (roughly '76 big car calipers) setup uses a larger piston which "can" impart more power to the rotors, but the pedal might also get a little more travel time to do the same work. Not as firm at the pedal, but potentially an upgrade anyway.
They bolt right on, but need special hoses to get the job done.
And don't overlook the rear brakes while you're at it. Even just making sure they're adjusted properly can go a long way in how the brakes feel.
If you're thinking about adding power assist (what size tires do you have by the way?) the vacuum boosters add a little, and the hydro-boost adds a lot.
While you're at it, let us see what master cylinder setup you have too.
And again, let us know what size tires you're running.
Thanks. Good luck.
Paul