Since Broncos did not get the VIN on the engine, the only way to get close is to find the casting dates on the engine block itself.
If the date the engine was cast is anywhere from about 1 month to 3 months (maybe even four, but I don't think I've seen that range before) then you can at least be reasonably certain it's the original engine.
Of course there are some obvious things too, such as if it's a '66 through '68 Bronco and it's sporting a 302, then it's not the original engine. If it's got a 351w, then it's not original to any Bronco prior to '80. Stuff like that.
Otherwise, the casting date is your best resource.
Pretty sure that's the number that is up behind the starter motor, but wait for someone that's checked that recently as I might be thinking of the engineering number and the casting date may be in another area.
Good luck. And welcome to classicbroncos too!
Paul