The spring-loaded screw you mention is hidden from view in your picture, correct? It should be (like the one in the fourth pic) in a spot that looks to be underneath your kickdown lever.
If that's the case, when you turn it up/in like you're tightening it, you can get the idle to go higher, right? Then once you start turning it down/out the idle goes down, but only to a certain spot and no farther?
If that's the case, then you have at least one of the following:
1. Vacuum leak.
2. Choke linkage is still interfering even with the choke fully open (easy to see visually).
3. Throttle butterflies are not seated correctly in their bores. Happens a lot after full rebuilds where someone removed them.
4. Something else is limiting down travel, such as the trans kickdown linkage. Easy to test by temporarily disconnecting the kickdown lever to see if the throttle will then adjust farther down.
5. On some engines, excessive ignition timing will limit the low end of the idle, but that's pretty rare and is usually at least partially to do with some other issue with the carb.
6. The wrong PCV valve can act like a vacuum leak, but I have not found this to limit idle. More often it acts like a regular old vacuum leak causing the engine to run lean and bog down off-idle like the accelerator pump is not doing it's job.
There may be other things at work as well, and if so the others will fill in the blanks.
But most of them are easy enough to test while still on the vehicle at least.
Good luck.
Paul