There's no replacement for cubic inch displacement!
Built similarly, a 351w will produce more torque than a 302. What size tires are you running (or planning to run)? What kind of gearing are you running?
The 351w is almost a bolt in, as was discussed. It is physically larger both in height and width but the EB engine bay will accept both nicely. A body lift helps - there are well documented interferences without the body lift (some have had to notch their firewall, etc). I run a 2" body lift - even at that, when I ran a carburetor I had to get a dropped-base air cleaner and could only run a 2" tall element under my stock hood.
Exhaust will have to be altered so if your exhaust is good and you were planning to keep it, that's another cost to consider (the manifolds/headers will have to be spaced farther apart).
If you have a manual transmission and want to keep the stock clutch linkage, a little grinding on the block and a small adapter will be needed to make it all play together.
Accessory brackets are basically interchangeable but if running v-belts there's a slight change there (another little adapter). If you change to a serpentine system then the options are limitless - the explorer front dress is popular as it gives you a little more clearance between water pump and radiator, though if you use a mechanical fuel pump on your 302, you'll lose the pump eccentric and have to run an electric pump. Other serpentine systems don't affect that.
There are other minor changes that I can't think of at the moment, but all are worth it for the power-for-dollar advantages of the 351w.